During the Middle Ages (roughly 5th to 15th century), aristocracy and nobility played central roles in shaping the social, ...

Of all Napoleon’s cavalry units, the Mamluks are certainly the most famous due to their vivid appearance, exotic origins, and the strong passions they stirred among contemporaries, both in their glory ...

The Romanization of Gaul began in earnest after Julius Caesar's conquest during the Gallic Wars. Prior to this, much of Gaul was inhabited by a variety of Celtic tribes, loosely connected through ...

During the Gallic era, the Aedui were a Celtic people who occupied the region of present-day Burgundy, with Bibracte, located on Mount Beuvray, as their capital. The mention of “our ancestors, the ...

Henry III, King of France from 1574 to 1589, was the last ruler of the Valois dynasty. The fourth son of Henry II and Catherine de’ Medici, he was not initially destined to reign. A skilled legislator ...

After the conquest by Julius Caesar, the Pax Romana was established in Roman Gaul, which quickly became one of the most prosperous provinces of the Empire. Despite a few last revolts, the “Roman peace ...

Could there have been an easier conquest? In 332 BC, Alexander the Great entered Egypt without a struggle. At the walls of the capital, Memphis, he received the keys to the royal treasury from the ...

In October 48 BC, the imperator arrived in Egypt to capture his rival Pompey. He ended up staying for nine months to fight the armies of Pharaoh Ptolemy XIII. Julius Caesar nearly lost his life in ...