The principle of “the wisdom of the crowd” shows that a large group of people with average knowledge on a topic can provide reliable answers to questions such as predicting quantities, spatial ...

Researchers have tested eight stand-alone deep learning methods for PV cell fault detection and have found that their accuracy was as high as 73%. All methods were trained and tested on the ELPV ...

The left side of the flowchart illustrates the process of constructing spatial structure units, while the right side shows the process of building the coupling model using ensemble learning. The ...