Index modulation (IM) in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems represents a transformative approach in modern communications. This technique utilises the indices of active ...

Since the concepts of digital coding metasurface and programmable metasurface were put forward in 2014, the physical world of electromagnetics has been closely connected to the digital world of ...

Copper cabling has been the workhorse for moving data inside of AI and HPC data centers, but fiber is nipping at its heels. Optics brings three possible bandwidth multipliers — wavelength-division ...

Advancements in photonic integration demand high-speed, precise dynamic light field control and large-capacity information processing capability. As subwavelength artificial structures, metasurfaces ...