THE task of regulating acid–base balance in the body is shared by the lungs and the kidneys. Each day the lungs remove some 20 moles of carbon dioxide, and the kidneys excrete 40 to 80 mEq of ...

Many reptiles excrete solid uric acid crystals instead of liquid urine, a water-saving adaptation that could hold clues for human medicine. If you’ve never cared for a reptile, you might be surprised ...

Crystals "peed" by snakes could hold the key to treating kidney stones and gout in humans, say scientists. Researchers ...

Unless you've owned reptiles, you might not know that many of them "pee" crystals. Researchers publishing in the Journal of ...