Esophageal web occurs more frequently in females. 62 As for congenital esophageal rings, it is thought that webs result from incomplete vacuolization of the esophageal columnar epithelium during early ...

The esophageal sphincters are bands of muscles at the top and bottom of the esophagus — the muscular tube that passes food and drink from the mouth to the stomach. Esophageal sphincters open and close ...

A 63-year-old man presented for a wellness visit where he reported worsening dysphagia for solids for the past two years. He also had sore throat, dyspnea, cough, heartburn, and wheezing. He did not ...